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After the September 11, 2001 attacks on New York and Washington D.C. by Al-Qaeda, the United States realigned its global strategies to combat the escalating threat of terrorism. This shift prioritized strengthening both bilateral and multilateral cooperation with allies and international organizations, such as the United Nations, to prevent terrorist organizations from posing security threats to the international community.  Concurrently, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1373, urging immediate cooperation among all nations to prevent and deter terrorist activities.

Taiwan, recognizing its role as a member of the global community, resolved to join the international counter-terrorism effort. Through decisive action, Taiwan has established cooperative relationships with various countries in the realm of counter-terrorism.

        I. Counter-Terrorism Policy Group, under the Executive Yuan (Jan. 6, 2003 – Jan.31, 2005)

        On January 6, 2003, the Executive Yuan issued the “Provisions for the Establishment of the Counter-Terrorism Policy Group” and established the Counter-Terrorism Policy Group, with the Premier serving as the convener. The team, composed of members from 12 ministries, have implemented several comprehensive counter-terrorism measures. One of the most important measures drafted was the “Organizational Structure and Operational Mechanism for Counter-Terrorism Work” – a three-stage approach that consists of “crisis prevention,” “crisis management,” and “recovery and cleanup.” This framework called for closer integration and efficient task divisions between the national security system and the administrative system; as a result, the chain of command and duties are clearly defined during “peacetime” and “time of crisis”. Furthermore, the processes for initiating the mechanism and policy-making are stipulated to lay the important ground work for our nation’s future counter-terrorism tasks.

        II. The Executive Yuan Counter-Terrorism Policy Task Force (Jan.31, 2005 – Dec. 21, 2007)

        On January 31, 2005, the Executive Yuan issued the “Provisions for the Establishment of the Executive Yuan Counter-Terrorism Policy Task Force,” the Counter-Terrorism Activities Control Office (CTACO) became operational. This office was tasked with conducting regular training sessions, reviewing response plans submitted by all contingency teams, and host large-scale cross-departmental counter-terrorism drills. These drills were designed to put the nation’s joint counter-terrorism and disaster response capability to test. The outcome of each drill underwent a comprehensive evaluation by CTACO, which formed the basis to further revise the “Organizational Structure and Operational Mechanism for Counter-Terrorism Work.” As a result, the organizational structure for contingency response and early warning intelligence operations were optimized over time.

        III. Homeland Security Policy Committee, the Executive Yuan (Dec. 21, 2007 – Now)

        On December 21, 2007, the Executive Yuan revised the “Provisions for the Establishment of the Executive Yuan Counter-Terrorism Policy Task Force” into the “Provisions for the Establishment of Executive Yuan Homeland Security Policy Committee.” Following this revision, the office of Homeland Security (OHS) would serve as the committee supporting staff office, with its primary goal of building the “Homeland Security Response Network” – a highly disciplined umbrella network that coordinates efforts in domestic counter-terrorism, nuclear incidents, infectious diseases, toxic chemical disaster response, information and communication security, and other relevant areas.

        Furthermore, the “Provisions for the Establishment of the Executive Yuan Homeland Security Policy Committee” was revised into the “Provisions for the Establishment and Operations of the Executive Yuan Homeland Security Policy Committee” on November 7, 2014. This revision expanded the committee's responsibilities to include the response to major man-made hazards. Additionally, a three-tiered homeland security response framework was established, comprising emergency response teams, second level emergency operation centers and first level emergency operation centers.


The continuous operation of critical infrastructure (CI) service is highly related to national security, people’s life and economic development.  In order to ensure CI safety, strengthen risk management, complete Taiwan’s CI protection capabilities gradually, the Executive Yuan issued the “Guidelines for National Critical Infrastructure Protection Plan” on March 19, 2012.  According to the resolution of Homeland Security Policy Committee of the Executive Yuan on November 6, 2013, to further fulfill the promotion of CI protection, these guidelines were revised as “Guidelines for National Critical Infrastructure Protection” (the CIP Guidelines) on December 29, 2014. On May 18, 2018, the CIP Guidelines were further revised to continuously strengthen CI protection efforts.

In 2023, in alignment with the central government's organizational restructuring, the Ministry of Digital Affairs (MODA) was established to oversee national cybersecurity policies and other related matters. It also serves as the secretariat for the “Executive Yuan National Information and Communication Security Task Force.” The “Cyber Security Protection Group” under this Task Force is responsible for reporting, responding to, and preventing cybersecurity incidents. Therefore, the response to major information and communication security incidents caused by major man-made hazards or terrorist attacks has been integrated into this Task Force's operations. However, considering the transfer of CI responsibilities in the communications and transmission sector to the MODA, the Minister of MODA has been appointed as a member of the Homeland Security Policy Committee.